Water-wheel



(No Model.)

P. M. BOOKWMJIER.`

WATER WHEEL Patented Deu` 5, V1893i m INVENTOR kow. @LA mdb; Y

l u u :M HIS A JTORNEY.

VJUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS M. BOOKVVALTER, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

WATER-WHEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,863, dated December5, 1893. Application filed January 14, 1893. Serial No. 458,399. (Nomodel.)

'To a/ZZ whom, it may concern.n

Improvements in Water-Wheels, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in waterwheels, and relates in part to the class known as hurdy gurdy wheels,andin part to the class known as turbine wheels.

The object of my improvements is to provide a wheel adapted to run atlower speed than ordinary turbine wheels under a certain head and withthe same amount of water, and have reference to a peculiar form ofbucket; have reference to the delivery ot the impelling stream to suchbuckets in such wise that while the water enters them with lessV thanfull energy due to the head, still the full energy is utilized anddeveloped in the wheel before it leaves them; have reference to a formof nozzle adapted to deiiect the propelling stream laterally intoadouble row of buckets on either side thereof; have reference to a Wheelproper having buckets discharging laterally, and separated by an annularspace in which the supply nozzle is located, the said buckets being openat their outer or peripheral sides, but being closed by the casings atsaid sides; and have reference to other points of detail hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings on which like reference letters indicatecorresponding parts: Figure l represents a sectional view of a portionof the casing and the wheel, and the nozzle; Fig. 2, a detail sectionalview of a portion of the rim of the wheel and a portion of the nozzle;Fig. 8, an edge view of a portion of the wheel with the nozzle insection on the line y y of Fig. l; Fig. 4, a side and edge View oi' thenozzle shown in Figs. l and 3; and Fig. 5, another form of nozzle shownin section and in edge view with its adjacent parts of the wheel properand casing.

The wheel belongs to the hurdy-gurdy class in part, and in part to theturbine class, and is an impulse and reaction wheel as distin- The speedin turbine wheels is A often excessive, and it has been my aim to soconstruct a hurdy-gurdy type of wheel with a casing of the classbelonging to turbine wheels, as to slow down the speed or number ot'revolutions per minute,without correspondingly decreasing the power ofthe wheel and its eiiiciency. With this end in view, I have mounted awheel proper, on a horizontal axis A, and provided the rim i3 with adouble series of buckets C, discharging laterally in both directionsfrom a number of propelling streams supplied at or near the center ofthe rim, through nozzles D, regulated by a register gate E, mountedwithin a casing F, surrounding said wheel proper peripherally, andforming an annular chamber supplied by an inlet openin g G. The registergate is operated by the usual operating means. (Not shown.)

The buckets are mounted on the rim ofthe l wheelproperanddischargedlaterally,asabove mentioned, but are open at theirperipheral or outersides. The water, however, is prevented fromsplashing out from the peripheral side of the buckets, by a stationarywall, guiding portion or casing, past which said buckets rotate, whichthus close the said sides. This inclosing wall is constituted by theinner wall of the casing F, as shown in the accompanying figures, butother stationary inclosing means may be employed for the purpose,whereby the impelling stream will be directed laterally outward andthrough the buckets.

In Figs. l and 3 the buckets are separated, axially, to constitute anannular space or channel d in which is located the extended nozzleD,shown in detail in Fig. 4.. This form of nozzle has lateral openingsZ, and ext-ends toward the rim so that its lower end is tangential, ornearly so, to the surface of the rim, which assists in delie'cting theWater laterally into the double set of buckets embracing the i IOO todeliver the water to two or more buckets on each side of the nozzle, asshown in Fig'.3.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be observed that the end of the nozzle ispractically closed by such tangential arrangement with regard to the rimB. The outer end of the nozzle may, however, be turned inward, as shownin this sectional View, and the dividing wedge J may be dispensed with,and the water still be delivered laterally through the openings Z by theaid of the rim, thus closing the end of the nozzle, as is shown in Fig.2. This dispensing with the wedge is indicated by the dotted line atj,in Fig. 3, indicating where the end of the nozzle turns inward towardthe rim of the wheel proper, while Fig. 2 shows the outer wall straightand abutting on the rim B. Whilethis lateral deflection of the waterinto the buckets may be eiected by the guiding action of the rim inconnection with the nozzle, whether or not the latter be supplied withthe wedge J, yet such deflection may also be effected by directing thestream from the nozzle against the inner wall 0E the casing next to thebuckets, as shown in Fig. 5, whereby the streamis splashed or turnedlaterallyand having no other means of outlet'from the ann ular spacebetween the buckets must find its way laterally into said buckets as ittravels a greater or less distance around oir the encirf cling Wall ofthe casing. Such nozzle, indicated in Fig. 5, is preferably cut away onits outer side to allow the free discharge of the water toward thecasing, and away from the rim instead of toward the rim, as previouslydescribed. g

The inner portion of the curve of the buckets, as seen in Figs. 3 and 5,is the feature by which the speed of the wheel is reduced to thatrequired, to prevent undue destruction and to adapt the wheel toexcessively high heads. It will be understood that turbine wheels run atsuch high speed that in practice they cannot be used in very high heads,say heads from four hundred feet upward. I therefore provide this wheelwith the curved form of bucket shown, so that the inner portion of eachbucket curves up to and toward the place where the water enters it,preventing the water from having too posi'- tive an impulse eect onit,thus slowing or reducing the speed of the wheel.

In an application for Letters Patent,Serial No. 477,586, filed by meJune 14:, 1893, I have described, claimed and shown the peculiar contourof buckets likewise described, shown and claimed in this application,but in combination with a water dividing .instrumenf tality or ridge, asdistinguised from a contoasee Y struction wherein the water dividingedge is a part of the buckets, as in this application.

Having thus fully described my invention, what Iclairn as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a water wheel, the combination with an inclosing casingconstructed to encircle only the periphery of the wheel proper, alnozzle located substantially midway the wldth or breast of said casingand extending from the casing inward toward the wheel, of the wheelproper and buckets carried by the periphery of the wheel, the bucketsbeing open at their outer sides and in effect closed at theirperipheries by the casing, and being arranged in a series at either sideof the nozzle,.the latter occupying appositionV within the-peripheriesof the buckets and between their inner sides.

2. In a water wheel, the combination witha wheel proper, having lateraldischarge buckets separated at their inner entering edges to constitutean annular channel, of one or more nozzles extending into said channeland each having its inner end in immediate proximity to the rim of thesaid wheel proper, and provided with lateral discharge openings or slotson either side of a dividing wedge extending up within said nozzle,whereby the water is deflected outward laterally intosaid buckets.

3. In a water wheel, the combination with a wheel proper having lateraldischarge buckets arranged in a double series thereon, and separated toconstitute an annular space or channel between their inner enteringedges, of nozzles mounted in said annular space or channel, providedwith lateral discharge openings, and having their lower ends adjacent toand closed by the rim of the wheel proper, substantially as shown anddescribed.

4. In a water wheel, the combination with an inclosing casingconstructed to encircle the periphery of the wheel proper, a wateropening in the casing and anozzle extending inward therefrom to near theperiphery of the wheel, of the wheel proper having buckets on itsperiphery, the buckets bei-ng in a double series with an annular spacebetween them for the accommodation ot the nozzle, and each bucket havinga sharp water entering edge, with its wall turning at its inner portiontoward and up to the said water en tering edge, all substantially askdescribed.

ln testimony whereof I affix mysignature in presenceof two witnesses.

FRANCIS M. BOOKWALTR.

Vitnesses:

AL. H. KUNxLE, H. M. PLAls'rED.

IOC

